ASK THE DOCTOR               

Clint Henson, M.D., Obstetrician/Gynecologist, St. Joseph's Mercy Health Center

What is endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a non-cancerous condition that affects the endometrium, or the layer of tissue that lines the uterus. Normally, this tissue layer will shred and be removed by the menstrual cycle. However, it sometimes develops outside of the uterus. This tissue attaches to other organs and will swell with blood and disintegrate just as it would if it were in the uterus. Because there is nowhere for the debris to escape, it accumulates in the surrounding tissues and causes pain, irritation and inflammation. If left untreated, endometriosis can cause scarring, abnormal bleeding and infertility.

Who is at risk of developing endometriosis?
Women in their childbearing years are affected in 95 percent of cases. However, endometriosis has been found in girls as young as 10 and women in their 70s. Family history and distorted or obstructed reproductive organs are also factors in the likelihood of developing this condition.

What are some symptoms of endometriosis?
Chronic pelvic pain, pain during periods and intercourse, heavy, irregular bleeding and infertility are all common symptoms. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should see your physician immediately.

Can endometriosis be treated?
Surgical options and hormone treatments are two ways to treat this condition. The most effective treatment is a combination of surgery to remove endometrial tissue from affected organs and medication to avoid future growth.