ASK THE DOCTOR
Gary Don Slaton, M.D., board certified in
gastroenterology St. Joseph's Mercy Health Center
What is diverticulitis?
Diverticulitis is an irritation of the abnormal protrusions in the intestinal
wall. These protrusions form when small blood vessels supplying the large
intestine penetrate the muscle of the colon. The protrusions can begin to tear
and will cause irritation and inflammation in the large intestine. From this an
abscess or infection can develop.
What are the risk factors of diverticulitis?
The main risk factors are family history and advanced age. In general, most
people who experience diverticulitis are 65 years or older. Another risk factor
is a low-fiber diet. In fact, Americans consume on average 10 to 15 grams of
dietary fiber each day. The recommended daily allowance of fiber is 20 to 35
grams.
What are the warning signs?
Pain and fever are the most common symptoms. The pain is generally sudden, sharp
and localized in the left lower side. Fever is usually accompanied by chills and
may be the patient's only symptom. Other symptoms include vomiting, nausea and
changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea and constipation.
How is it treated?
Depending on the severity of the case, it is usually treated with bed rest and
antibiotics. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to drain away an infection
completely before the colon and intestines can heal fully. This only happens if
the infection spreads into the abdominal cavity.
What are some tips to avoid diverticulitis?
First, eat a diet high in dietary fiber, such as adding fruits, vegetables and
whole-grain cereals to meals. The most important preventative measure is to
avoid constipation by "bulking up" the stool with dietary fiber or
fiber products. Fiber intake is adequate if you are having a soft, bulky bowel
movement on a regular basis - daily or every other day. Adding fiber to your
diet will also prevent other diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Eat
regular meals, drink plenty of water and exercise daily.
